Progas 2007 - Calculation Tool for Caloric and Dynamic Properties of Mixtures of Real Natural Gases

Calculation Features
About the Tool
Validation
Sample Input File
Sample Output File
License and Downloads
Copyright
Liability
Userguide
 

Calculation Features

  • Composition of components in Mole %, Volume %, Weight % normative and ultimate Weight % for C-H-N-O-S-He-Ar
  • Molar mass & gas constant according to DIN 1871-1999, ISO 6976-1995, ASTM D3588-1998, extendable
  • Low & high heat value according to ISO 6976-1995 (0°C 15°C 25°C), ASTM D3588-1998 extendable
  • Caloric properties according to AGA8-DC92 (ISO 12213-2) and ISO 20765-1-2005 (Helmholtz free energy approach). The method is applicable to pipeline-quality gases within the ranges of pressure and temperature at which transmission and distribution operations normally take place.
    • Density
    • Compression
    • Inner energy
    • Enthalpy
    • Entropy
    • Heat capacity cp & cv
    • Isentropic exponent
    • Joule Thomson coefficient
    • Speed of sound
  • Optional flow Calculation all devices in ISO 5167-2003
    • Orifice with Corner Tapping
    • Orifice with Flange Tapping
    • Orifice with D & D/2 Tapping
    • ISA 1932 Nozzle
    • Long Radius Nozzle
    • Venturi Nozzle
    • Classical Venturi Tube with »as cast« convergent section
    • Classical Venturi Tube with machined convergent section
    • Classical Venturi Tube with rough-welded sheet-iron convergent section
  • Calibrated or standard discharge coefficient
  • Diameter correction for temperature

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About the tool

I developed this tool to have a light-weight, easy to use and fast calculation for real gas properties. The tool is compiled from FORTRAN code and runs on any DOS or WINDOWS based computer. There is no installation required, the application runs out of the box and does not touch the system's registry. Input and Output files are ASCII Text.

For handling the input file a comfortable text editor with overwrite option is recommended e.g. Notepad2.


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Validation

The main feature of the tool is ISO 20765, which is state of the art calculation for real natural gas mixtures. The tool can be validated versus published example calculations provided in Annex G of ISO 20765-1:2005

The Sample Output File meets the therein published numbers for Gas 4 at 10 MPa and 350 K. I have chosen this gas because it contains all 21 components used in the code. The results can be directly compared, with exception of entropy, because a different reference is used. To validate entropy it is necessary to run 2 calculations and compare the differences in entropy.

Heat values and flow calculations have been validated and can be checked with published example calculations or little manual effort.

Send me your gas composition if you would like to have your own example calculation.

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Sample Input File

GAS 4 ISO 20765-1 2005(E)
100.0       ,'=  gas pressure.................................................[bar absolut]'
76.85       ,'=  gas temperature....................................................[deg C]'
0.432       ,'=  pressure drop across flow element.....0.0 skip flow calculation......[bar]'
0.2025      ,'=  pipe diameter..........................................................[m]'
22.3        ,'=  pipe diameter reference temperature................................[deg C]'
11          ,'=  pipe material 10NOcorr 11steel1 12steel2 13steel3 14steel4 15steel5....[-]'
0.1229      ,'=  flow element diameter orifice/nozzle/venturi nozzle/venturi tube.......[m]'
8.33        ,'=  flow element diameter reference temperature........................[deg C]'
15          ,'=  flow element material 16steel6 17SnBz4 18E-Cu 19Rg9 20Ms63 21Ni 22HaC..[-]'
0.6231      ,'=  discharge coefficient 1 from calibration.....0.0 skip calibration......[-]'
0.6255      ,'=  discharge coefficient 2 from calibration...............................[-]'
0.62345D5   ,'=  reynoldsnumber 1 from calibration with pipe diameter...................[-]'
0.62345D7   ,'=  reynoldsnumber 2 from calibration with pipe diameter...................[-]'
ISO00.DTA   ,'=  data filename for heat values and molar masses.........................[-]'
0           ,'=  gas composition given in..........................0[mol%] 1[vol%] 2[wght%]'
3           ,'=  flow element 1ORcor 2ORfla 3ORdd2 4NOisa 5NOlra 6VEnoz 7VTasc 8VTmac 9VTrw'
9.5         ,'=  (1)   ,%,H2...........hydrogen                                 '
0.02        ,'=  (2)   ,%,He...........helium                                   '
0.01        ,'=  (3)   ,%,H2O..........water vapor                              '
1.0         ,'=  (4)   ,%,CO...........carbon monoxide                          '
10.         ,'=  (5)   ,%,N2...........nitrogen                                 '
0.01        ,'=  (6)   ,%,O2...........oxygen                                   '
0.01        ,'=  (7)   ,%,H2S..........hydrogen sulfide                         '
0.01        ,'=  (8)   ,%,Ar...........argon                                    '
1.6         ,'=  (9)   ,%,CO2..........carbon dioxide                           '
73.50       ,'=  (10)  ,%,CH4..........methane                                  '
3.3         ,'=  (11)  ,%,C2H6.........ethane                                   '
0.74        ,'=  (12)  ,%,C3H8.........propane                                  '
0.08        ,'=  (13)  ,%,i-C4H10......iso-butane                               '
0.08        ,'=  (14)  ,%,n-C4H10......n-butane                                 '
0.          ,'=  (15)  ,%,neo-C5H12....neo-pentane                              '
0.04        ,'=  (16)  ,%,i-C5H12......iso-pentane                              '
0.04        ,'=  (17)  ,%,n-C5H12......n-pentane                                '
0.02        ,'=  (18)  ,%,n-C6H14......n-hexane                                 '
0.01        ,'=  (19)  ,%,n-C7H16......n-heptane                                '
0.01        ,'=  (20)  ,%,n-C8H18......n-octane                                 '
0.01        ,'=  (21)  ,%,n-C9H20......n-nonane                                 '
0.01        ,'=  (22)  ,%,n-C10H22.....n-decane                                 '
0.          ,'=  (23)  ,%,SO2..........sulfur dioxide                           '
0.          ,'=  (24)  ,%,c-C5H10......cyclopentane                             '
0.          ,'=  (25)  ,%,c-C6H12......cyclohexane                              '
0.          ,'=  (26)  ,%,CH3-C5H9.....methylcyclopentane                       '
0.          ,'=  (27)  ,%,CH3-C6H11....methylcyclohexane                        '
0.          ,'=  (28)  ,%,2,2-i-C6H14..2,2-dimethylbutane                       '
0.          ,'=  (29)  ,%,2,3-i-C6H14..2,3-dimethylbutane                       '
0.          ,'=  (30)  ,%,C6H6.........benzene                                  '
0.          ,'=  (31)  ,%,C7H8.........toluene                                  '
0.          ,'=  (32)  ,%,o-C8H10......o-xylene                                 '
        

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screenshot
Screen-shot DOS Window - The calculation terminated successfully

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Sample Output File

PROGAS (Version 15-Mar-2007) Calculation for Mixtures of Real Gases 20-Apr-2008 15:32:22

GAS 4 ISO 20765-1 2005(E) Annex G Results for Comparison

Actual Gas Conditions
Pressure     100.00 bar a =1450.38 psia
Temperature   76.85 degC  = 170.33 degF

Sum of Given Gas Composition = 100.0000 Mol%

Results                             Mol%    Vol%   Wght%

Hydrogen.....................H2   9.5000  9.5310  1.1059
Helium.......................He   0.0200  0.0201  0.0046
Water Vapor.................H2O   0.0100  0.0093  0.0104
Carbon Monoxide..............CO   1.0000  1.0020  1.6175
Nitrogen.....................N2  10.0000 10.0216 16.1769
Oxygen.......................O2   0.0100  0.0100  0.0185
Hydrogen Sulfide............H2S   0.0100  0.0099  0.0197
Argon........................Ar   0.0100  0.0100  0.0231
Carbon Dioxide..............CO2   1.6000  1.5935  4.0663
Methane.....................CH4  73.5000 73.5185 68.0926
Ethane.....................C2H6   3.3000  3.2757  5.7303
Propane....................C3H8   0.7400  0.7263  1.8844
iso-Butane..............i-C4H10   0.0800  0.0768  0.2685
n-Butane................n-C4H10   0.0800  0.0768  0.2685
neo-Pentane...........neo-C5H12   0.0000  0.0000  0.0000
iso-Pentane.............i-C5H12   0.0400  0.0376  0.1667
n-Pentane...............n-C5H12   0.0400  0.0368  0.1667
n-Hexane................n-C6H14   0.0200  0.0179  0.0995
n-Heptane...............n-C7H16   0.0100  0.0083  0.0579
n-Octane................n-C8H18   0.0100  0.0074  0.0660
n-Nonane................n-C9H20   0.0100  0.0061  0.0741
n-Decane...............n-C10H22   0.0100  0.0044  0.0822
Sulfur Dioxide..............SO2   0.0000  0.0000  0.0000
Cyclopentane............c-C5H10   0.0000  0.0000  0.0000
Cyclohexane.............c-C6H12   0.0000  0.0000  0.0000
Methylcyclopentane.....CH3-C5H9   0.0000  0.0000  0.0000
Methylcyclohexane.....CH3-C6H11   0.0000  0.0000  0.0000
2,2-Dimethylbutane..2,2-i-C6H14   0.0000  0.0000  0.0000
2,3-Dimethylbutane..2,3-i-C6H14   0.0000  0.0000  0.0000
Benzene....................C6H6   0.0000  0.0000  0.0000
Toluene....................C7H8   0.0000  0.0000  0.0000
o-xylene................o-C8H10   0.0000  0.0000  0.0000
                            Sum 100.000 100.000 100.000

Ultimate Analysis in Weight%
C=59.9415 H=19.9273 O= 3.9081 N=16.1769 S= 0.0185 HE= 0.0046 AR= 0.0231
C+H+O+N+S+HE+AR = 100.0001

Molar   Mass    = 17.3170 kg/kmol
Gas  Constant   = 480.135 J/(kg*K)
Low  Heat Value =  39.729 MJ/kg = 17081. BTU/lb
High Heat Value =  44.185 MJ/kg = 18996. BTU/lb

Pressure                    1.013bar  1.013bar  1.013bar  14.73psi    Actual
Temperature                 0.  degC  15. degC  25. degC  60. degF    Actual
------------------------------------+---------+---------+---------+---------+
Low Heat Value       MJ/m3    30.755    29.144    28.161    29.155  2480.543
Low Heat Value     BTU/ft3     825.4     782.2     755.8     782.5   66575.3
High Heat Value      MJ/m3    34.204    32.412    31.319    32.425  2758.736
High Heat Value    BTU/ft3     918.0     869.9     840.6     870.2   74041.7
Density              kg/m3    0.7741    0.7336    0.7088    0.7338   62.4360
Density             lb/ft3    0.0483    0.0458    0.0443    0.0458    3.8979
Relative Density              0.5987    0.5986    0.5985    0.5986
Compression Factor           0.99803   0.99839   0.99859   0.99840   0.95309
Inner Energy         kJ/kg  -182.385  -159.342  -143.749  -158.483  -106.063
Enthalpy             kJ/kg   -51.494   -21.214    -0.799   -20.087    54.101
Entropy          kJ/(kg*K)   -0.1796   -0.0716   -0.0020   -0.0688   -1.9967
Heat Capacity cp kJ/(kg*K)    2.0058    2.0321    2.0512    2.0331    2.5087
Heat Capacity cv kJ/(kg*K)    1.5206    1.5475    1.5671    1.5486    1.7374
Isentropic Exponent           1.3165    1.3110    1.3071    1.3108    1.4123
Joule Thomson Coeff. K/bar    0.4627    0.4137    0.3845    0.4120    0.1996
Speed of Sound         m/s   415.105   425.537   432.263   425.915   475.610
Dynamic Viscosity Pa*s*E-6    10.954    11.477    11.821    11.496    15.329
HeatCircuitCapacityW/(m*K)    0.0286    0.0306    0.0320    0.0307    0.0462
ISO6976-1995 for Molar Mass & Calorific Values @0degC
ISO 20765-1 2005 for Thermodynamic Properties

Flow Element Diameter 123.05 mm (122.90 mm at   8.33 degC Steel 5)
Pipe Diameter         202.64 mm (202.50 mm at  22.30 degC Steel 1)
Diameter Ratio        0.6072
Pressure Difference Across Flow Element  432.00 mbar  =   6.27 psi

Calibrated Discharge Coefficient
Calibration Differs from ISO standard formulae by    3.40 %

 Mass Flow  alpha  Flow C Discharge   Expansion RE Reynolds     Kinematic      Mach
            Coefficient Coefficient      Factor #   (dPipe)     Viscosity
-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+----------------+---------+
18.577 kg/s     0.67348     0.62604     0.99877 0.76149E+07 0.24551E-06 m2/s  0.0526
Orifice with  d&d/2 Tapping
ISO5167-2003 for Flow Calculation

Application developed by Axel Ebert, Germany & Switzerland
        

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License and Downloads

 
License Fee
Executable
permission to distribute within the purchasing organisation
3800 EURO
Executable and Source Code
permission to modify and distribute within the purchasing organisation
9800 EURO
Downloads
[PDF 178 kB]
 

The license fee can be paid into a Swiss or German bank account. Details will be given with the order. The executable [EXE 496 kB] will be sent via e-Mail.

Axel Ebert
Kirchweg 43A
5415 Nussbaumen AG
Switzerland

Contact Form

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Copyright

Axel Ebert is the developer and exclusive copyright holder of PROGAS-2007 documents and software (the Materials). The copyright holder reserves all rights.

The Materials are provided by the copyright holder under the following license. By obtaining, using and/or copying this work, you (the licensee) agree that you have read, understood, and will comply with the following terms and conditions.

Unless otherwise expressly stated, you may not reproduce the Materials in any form or by any means without the prior written permission of the copyright holder. The Materials are copyrighted and any unauthorized use of the Materials may violate copyright, trademark, and other laws.

This is a license, not a transfer of title, and is subject to the following restrictions: You may not: (a) modify the Materials or use them for any commercial purpose, or any public display, performance, sale or rental; (b) decompile, reverse engineer, or disassemble the Materials except and only to the extent permitted by applicable law; (c) remove any copyright or other proprietary notices from the Materials; or (d) transfer the Materials to another person. You agree to prevent any unauthorized copying of the Materials.

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Liability

Axel Ebert, the developer and exclusive copyright holder of PROGAS-2007 documents and software (the Materials) has made his best effort to deliver a reliable version of this software and to verify the calculations contained herein on the basis of sound scientific judgment.

However, the developer does not warrant or assume any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, text, graphics, product, process or other items contained within these Materials disclosed. The developer will not be liable for any direct, indirect, special or consequential damages arising out of any use of the software or documentation.

The developer may make changes to these Materials, or to the products described therein, at any time without notice. The developer makes no commitment to update the Materials.

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